04.07.23 Daily [Uttar Pradesh] UPPSC Current Affairs

The <a href="https://exam.pscnotes.com/Agriculture-notes-for-state-psc-exams”>Agriculture department of Uttar Pradesh is gearing up to implement the Mukhyamantri Khet Suraksha Yojana (Solar Fencing) as a measure to safeguard crops from stray and wild animals. This initiative aims to secure fields by installing wires that carry a 12-volt current, delivering a powerful yet non-harmful electric shock to deter cattle and other animals from entering fields.

The entire solar fencing system will operate on renewable , and the government has announced a 60 percent subsidy on the total cost. The proposal is currently being prepared for presentation to Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath, a senior government official said.

Stray animals have been a significant concern for farmers and all the measures taken by the government proved to be inadequate. The animals often damage crops, exacerbating the challenges faced by farmers. While farmers resorted to installing barbed wire for protection, the government later imposed a ban, citing harm caused to the cattle. However, farmers continued to use wired fencing due to the lack of alternatives.

The cost of installing the battery-operated solar fencing system amounts to approximately Rs 1,43,000 per hectare. The government intends to provide a 60 percent subsidy to small and marginal farmers to ensure their inclusion in the scheme.

The first phase of the scheme will be implemented in seven districts of Bundelkhand, where stray animal incidents are more prevalent. A budget of approximately Rs 50 crore has been allocated for the initial phase. Under the project, farmers will need to install batteries, wires, poles, starters, solar panels, sirens and other necessary equipment. The government will offer exemptions on the entire project.

The solar fencing system entails placing seven to nine lines of horizontal wires at an Average distance of 5 metres from each other attached to poles at a height of 1.5 to 2.10 metres above the ground level. Approximately 400 metres of wire fencing will be required per hectare. Farmers who have already installed solar pumps will find it easier to connect the solar fencing system to their existing setup.

Union Minister of Communications and Electronics & Information Technology, Ashwini Vaishnaw, announced the introduction of the Bharat 6G Alliance, a groundbreaking initiative aimed at launching the next-generation technology in India following the successful implementation of 5G.

The Bharat 6G Alliance brings together key stakeholders from the public and private sectors, as well as other departments, with a common objective of advancing telecommunications technology and fostering the development of 6G in the country.

In addition to the Bharat 6G Alliance, the government plans to introduce a new wave of telecom reforms in the upcoming weeks. The anticipated arrival of 6G is set to revolutionise Communication by providing speeds nearly 100 times faster than 5G, opening up exciting possibilities for the development of novel communication applications.

The Bharat 6G Alliance will serve as a platform for comprehensive discussions on various facets of emerging telecom technologies and platforms that will shape the next decade. It will facilitate collaboration, knowledge sharing, and strategic planning to ensure India remains at the forefront of technological advancements.

Over 90 million Indians live in households where spending onhealthcareaccounts for more than 10% of their total expenditure. Of these, 31 million live in families where the Health spend is more than a quarter of household expenditure. The proportion of households spending over 10% or 25% of their expenditure on healthcare has gone up between 2017-18 and 2022-23.

This was revealed in theSustainable Development Goals NationalIndicator Framework Progress Report 2023, released recently by thestatistics ministry. Catastrophic health expenditure is defined as health spending exceeding 10% of household consumption expenditure. The third of the United Nation’s Goals (SDG) is to provide universal health coverage (UHC) and to improve financial protection, thus preventing catastrophic spending.UHCincludes securing access to quality healthcare and safe, affordable medicines and Vaccines for everyone.

According to the progress report, the proportion of households where more than 10% of expenditure was on health went up from 4.5% to 6.7% while that of those spending over 25% on healthcare went up from 1.6% to 2.3%.

In 2022-23, the highest proportion of people spending more than 10% or 25% of household expenditure on health were in Kerala, 16% and 6% respectively, followed by Maharashtra where it was 9% and 3% respectively. Kerala also saw the biggest jump in this proportion between 2017-18 and 2022-23. Other states which saw a significant increase are Karnataka, Odisha and Telangana in that order.

According to the National Health Accounts 2019-20, out of pocket expenditure (OOPE) as a proportion of the total health expenditure (68%) was the second highest in Kerala, just below Uttar Pradeshwhere it was 72%. Uttar Pradesh is among the five states with the highest proportion of households spending more than 10% or 25% of their expenditure on health. However, in the case of Karnataka, though OOPE as a proportion of total health expenditure is the lowest among the bigger states (31.8%), the state is among those which have witnessed the highest increase in the proportion of households using more than 10% and 25% of the expenditure on healthcare.

In June 2021, the NITI Aayog estimated that at least 400 million people or about 30% of the Population did not have any financial protection for health, leading to high out-of-pocket expenditure and impoverishment. It also estimated that the actual uncovered population would be higher due to existing coverage gaps in PMJAY and overlaps between schemes.

In 2022, the health ministry had notified the inclusion of coronary stents in the National List of Essential Medicines (NLEM), 2022, to make the life-saving medical devices more affordable. Doctors say the inclusion of stents in NLEM will help reduce the cost of angioplasty a minimally invasive procedure to open up blocked arteries and thus make it more accessible.

Africa has become the second-largest recipient of credit from India as the country tries to catch up with China in expanding its influence in the resource-rich continent.

Forty-two African nations received about $32 billion or 38% of all credit extended by India in the last decade just a few Percentage points below its neighbors, Harsha Bangari, the managing director ofIndias Export Import Bank saidin an interview.

The bank is an instrument of Indias economic diplomacy, Bangari said, adding that the South Asian nation has also opened up 195 project-based lines of credit worth about $12 billion across Africa, three times the number it has in its own region in the last decade.