UPPSC MAINS 2018 Paper-2

Points to Remember: CBI’s composition: Director, Special Directors, Joint Directors, Deputy Inspectors General, and other supporting staff. CBI’s functions: Investigating crimes, preventing corruption, and maintaining law and order. CBI’s jurisdiction: Primarily investigates cases of national importance and those referred by state governments. CBI’s limitations: Dependence on state police for assistance, bureaucratic hurdles, and allegations of … Read more Describe the composition and functions of the Central Bureau of Investigation (C.B.I.) in India.

Points to Remember: Key changes in the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Amendment Act, 2019 (UAPA). Key changes in the Right to Information Act, 2005 Amendment Act, 2019 (RTI). Analysis of the impact of these amendments on individual rights, national security, and transparency. Introduction: The monsoon session of the Indian Parliament in 2019 witnessed significant amendments to … Read more In the monsoon session of the Indian Parliament in 2019, Amendments were made in the Anti-terror law and the Right to Information Act. What are the significant changes as a result of these Amendments? Analyse.

Points to Remember: Article 14 (Equality before law), Article 15 (Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth), Article 16 (Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment) Reasonable classification and its limitations State action vs. Private action Exceptions and limitations to the right Judicial interpretations and landmark cases … Read more Examine Right to Equality as a Fundamental Right in the Constitution of India.

Points to Remember: Emergence driven by limitations of traditional courts. Various mechanisms: Lok Adalats, Arbitration, Conciliation, Mediation. Increased access to justice, cost-effectiveness, and speedier resolution. Challenges in implementation and awareness. Need for strengthening and wider adoption. Introduction: India’s legal system, while robust, faces challenges of backlog, delays, and high costs, particularly impacting marginalized communities. This … Read more Write a short note on the emergence and use of alternative dispute redressal mechanisms in India.

Points to Remember: NITI Aayog’s formation, replacing the Planning Commission. Its shift from a centrally planned to a cooperative federalism model. Key objectives: fostering cooperative federalism, promoting sustainable development, and achieving national goals. Functions: policy think tank, knowledge and innovation hub, and monitor of progress. Recent reorganization and its implications. Introduction: NITI Aayog (National Institution … Read more Discuss the reasons, objectives, and functions of NITI Aayog and describe the recently re-organised NITI Aayog.

Points to Remember: Multidimensional nature of poverty and hunger. Interconnectedness of various factors contributing to poverty and hunger. Importance of sustainable solutions focusing on empowerment and structural changes. Introduction: Poverty and hunger are intertwined global challenges affecting billions worldwide. The World Bank defines poverty as the deprivation of basic human needs, including food, safe drinking … Read more What are the main issues related to poverty and hunger?

Points to Remember: Definition and scope of e-governance. Key features of e-governance systems. Advantages of implementing e-governance. Challenges hindering effective e-governance. Strategies for overcoming challenges and promoting successful e-governance. Introduction: E-governance, or electronic governance, refers to the application of information and communication technologies (ICTs) to government functions and processes. It aims to improve the efficiency, … Read more Clarify E-governance. Explain the features and advantages of E-governance. What are the main challenges before it?

Points to Remember: Geopolitical implications for India in a post-US withdrawal Afghanistan. Impact on regional stability and terrorism. Economic consequences for India’s investments and development projects. Humanitarian crisis and refugee influx. India’s strategic response and future policy options. Introduction: The withdrawal of US troops from Afghanistan in August 2021 marked a significant turning point in … Read more How will the withdrawal of U.S. Troops from Afghanistan affect India? Comment.

Points to Remember: Historical context of India-China relations. The Belt and Road Initiative (OBOR) and its implications. India’s concerns regarding OBOR. Areas of cooperation and conflict between India and China. Future prospects of India-China relations. Introduction: India-China relations are complex and multifaceted, characterized by a blend of cooperation and competition. Historically marked by periods of … Read more Discuss the nature of India-China relations in the light of OBOR.

Points to Remember: The revocation of Article 370 and its impact on Jammu & Kashmir’s development. Potential positive impacts: increased investment, infrastructure development, integration with India. Potential negative impacts: social unrest, human rights concerns, economic disruption. The role of governance, security, and socio-political factors. The need for a balanced approach to development, respecting human rights … Read more The action of the Indian Government on Article 370 has changed the Status-Quo in Jammu and Kashmir. How will it affect the development in the region? Discuss.