UPPSC MAINS 2020 Paper-1

Points to Remember: Overfishing Pollution (plastic, chemical, noise) Climate Change Impacts (sea-level rise, ocean acidification, coral bleaching) Habitat destruction Illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing Biodiversity loss Introduction: The Indian Ocean, a crucial body of water for global trade and a biodiversity hotspot, faces severe ecological challenges due to the exploitation and utilization of its … Read more Highlight the various ecological problems associated with the exploitation and utilization of resources from the Indian Ocean.

Points to Remember: Definition of reverse migration. Causes of reverse migration during the COVID-19 lockdown in Uttar Pradesh. Economic impact on Uttar Pradesh (both positive and negative). Social impact on Uttar Pradesh (both positive and negative). Policy implications and suggestions for the future. Introduction: Reverse migration refers to the movement of people from urban areas … Read more What is ‘reverse migration’ ? What was its impact on the economy and social order of Uttar Pradesh during the COVID – 19 Lockdown?

Points to Remember: Glaciers are powerful agents of erosion and deposition. Glacial landforms are unique and distinct from those created by other erosional forces. Understanding glacial landforms helps reconstruct past climates and glacial activity. Glacial processes significantly impact water resources in high mountain areas. Introduction: Glaciers, massive bodies of ice formed from accumulated and compacted … Read more Describe the role of Glaciers in shaping the land-forms in high mountain areas.

Points to Remember: Definition and historical context of liberalization. Economic and social impacts of liberalization in India. Positive and negative consequences on various social groups. Long-term effects and potential future scenarios. Introduction: Liberalization, in the economic context, refers to a policy shift towards reducing government control and intervention in the economy. This often involves deregulation, … Read more What is Liberalization ? How is it affecting the Indian social structure?

Keywords: Irrigation sources, Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), changes, gradual. Required Approach: Factual and Analytical. The answer will require analyzing factual data on irrigation sources in U.P. to identify gradual changes. Points to Remember: Traditional irrigation methods (wells, tanks) vs. modern methods (canals, tubewells). Government policies and their impact on irrigation sources. Water availability and its influence … Read more Underline the changes happening gradually in the sources of irrigation in U. P.

Points to Remember: Causes of volcanic eruptions (internal and external factors). Types of lava and their properties. Landforms created by lava deposition (extrusive volcanic landforms). Examples of each landform. Introduction: Volcanic eruptions are powerful geological events resulting from the movement of tectonic plates and the release of magma (molten rock) from the Earth’s interior. These … Read more Discuss the causes of volcanic eruption and describe the land-forms formed by deposition of its lava.

Points to Remember: Expansionist Policies: Lord Wellesley’s aggressive expansionist policies. Subsidiary Alliance: The key tool used for expansion – its mechanics and consequences. Impact on Indian States: The effects on princely states, both positive and negative. Resistance and Consequences: Reactions from Indian rulers and the resulting conflicts. Long-term Implications: The lasting impact of Wellesley’s policies … Read more Discuss the expansion of British rule in India during Governor Generalship of Lord Wellesley.

Points to Remember: The Jacobins were a powerful political club during the French Revolution. They played a crucial role in the radicalization of the revolution. Their actions led to both significant reforms and considerable violence. Their influence ultimately waned, leading to the Thermidorian Reaction. Introduction: The French Revolution (1789-1799) was a period of radical social … Read more Who was Jacobins ? What were their role in the French Revolution?

Points to Remember: The intertwined nature of nation, citizenship, and communalism. The role of inclusive vs. exclusive definitions of nationhood. The impact of communalism on citizenship rights and duties. Strategies for promoting national unity and inclusive citizenship. Introduction: The concepts of “nation” and “citizenship” are fundamental to the organization of modern states. A nation is … Read more Critically examine the concept of nation and citizenship in context of communalism.

Points to Remember: Western influence on Indian education – both positive and negative aspects. Macaulay’s Minute and its legacy. Impact on curriculum, pedagogy, and institutional structures. Role of missionary education. Rise of indigenous responses and reform movements. Contemporary challenges and future directions. Introduction: The impact of the West on Indian education is a multifaceted and … Read more Critically examine the impacts of West on the field of Indian education.