UPPSC MAINS 2023 Paper-2

Points to Remember: India’s federal structure balances central authority with state autonomy. Mechanisms for accommodating diverse needs include legislative powers, financial resources, and inter-state councils. Challenges include inter-state disputes, resource allocation imbalances, and center-state relations. Addressing challenges involves constitutional amendments, judicial interventions, and cooperative federalism. Introduction: India, the world’s largest democracy, is a federal republic … Read more How does the federal structure in India accommodate the diverse needs and aspirations of different states? Are there any challenges? If yes, how are they addressed?

Points to Remember: The role of ICT in enhancing government service delivery. Challenges in implementing ICT for government services. Benefits and drawbacks of e-governance. The need for digital literacy and infrastructure. Future directions and policy recommendations. Introduction: The application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in delivering government services, often referred to as e-governance, is … Read more “The application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is for delivering government services.” Discuss.

Points to Remember: SAARC’s limitations and failures. India’s strategic shift towards BIMSTEC. BIMSTEC’s potential and challenges. The geopolitical context of India’s engagement with both organizations. Introduction: The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) and the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) are two prominent regional organizations in South Asia. … Read more The failure of SAARC forced India to strengthen BIMSTEC. Explain.

Points to Remember: India’s strategic autonomy Indo-Pacific security concerns Balancing China’s influence Economic cooperation Shared democratic values Introduction: The Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (QUAD), comprising Australia, India, Japan, and the United States, is a strategic forum aimed at promoting a free and open Indo-Pacific region. India’s participation, however, is nuanced, driven by a complex interplay of … Read more Explain the rationale behind India’s involvement in QUAD.

Points to Remember: Article 72: Deals with the President’s power of pardon. Article 161: Deals with the Governor’s power of pardon. Scope of Pardon: Both powers extend to similar offenses but differ in scope and extent. Limitations: Both powers are subject to certain limitations and cannot be exercised arbitrarily. Introduction: The Indian Constitution vests the … Read more How is the power of Governor to Pardon different from the power of the President under Article 72 of the Indian Constitution?

Points to Remember: Transparency and accountability are distinct but interconnected concepts. Transparency facilitates accountability, but accountability can exist to some degree even without perfect transparency. Both are crucial for good governance and public trust. Obstacles to both transparency and accountability exist in various systems. Introduction: The statement “Transparency and accountability are complementary to each other” … Read more “Transparency and Accountability are complementary to each other.” Comment.

Points to Remember: SHGs are informal associations of people. They primarily focus on microfinance and social empowerment. Their success depends on factors like group cohesion, leadership, and access to support systems. Challenges include loan repayment issues, limited outreach, and sustainability concerns. Introduction: Self-Help Groups (SHGs) are informal associations of people, typically women, who come together … Read more Write an analytical note on Self-Help Groups (SHGs), their composition and functions.

Points to Remember: The Preamble’s role in outlining the core values and objectives of the Indian Constitution. The Preamble’s significance as a guiding principle for constitutional interpretation. The Preamble’s reflection of India’s historical context and aspirations. The Preamble’s limitations as a legally enforceable document. Introduction: The Preamble to the Indian Constitution is a concise statement … Read more Why is the Preamble called the Philosophy of the Indian Constitution?

Points to Remember: The 42nd Amendment Act, 1976, significantly altered the basic structure of the Indian Constitution. It introduced several key changes impacting fundamental rights, directive principles, and the federal structure. The extent of its changes led to its characterization as a “mini-constitution.” The amendment faced criticism regarding its impact on democratic principles and federalism. … Read more Why is the 42nd Amendment called a revision of the Indian Constitution?

Points to Remember: Judicial overreach Erosion of democratic principles Unintended consequences Introduction: Judicial activism, the practice of judges interpreting the law broadly to serve social goals, is a complex and often debated topic. While proponents argue Subscribe on YouTube it’s crucial for protecting minority rights and addressing societal injustices, critics highlight potential drawbacks. This response … Read more Mention three demerits of Judicial Activism.