Uttar Pradesh, with its vast expanse and strategic location, is a state of significant geographical importance in India. Let's delve into a detailed exploration of its location and extent:
Location
Uttar Pradesh is situated in the north-central part of India. It lies between 2352'N and 3128'N latitudes and 773'E and 8439'E longitudes. This places it strategically in the heart of the Indo-Gangetic plains, one of the most fertile and densely populated regions in the world.
Extent
Uttar Pradesh is the fourth-largest state in India in terms of area, covering approximately 243,286 square kilometers (93,933 square miles). This vast expanse is roughly equivalent to the size of the United Kingdom. The state stretches about 650 kilometers from east to west and 240 kilometers from north to south.
Boundaries
Uttar Pradesh shares its borders with several states and a country:
North: Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh
Northwest: Haryana and Delhi
West: Rajasthan
South: Madhya Pradesh
Southeast: Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand
East: Bihar
Northeast: Nepal (international boundary)
Geographical Features
The state's geographical features are diverse, ranging from the Himalayan foothills in the north to the fertile plains of the Ganges River in the central and southern regions.
The Himalayas: The northernmost part of Uttar Pradesh is characterized by the Shivalik foothills of the Himalayas. This region is home to several hill stations and scenic landscapes.
The Gangetic Plains: The majority of Uttar Pradesh lies within the fertile Gangetic plains. This region is formed by the alluvial deposits of the Ganges River and its tributaries. The plains are known for their agricultural productivity and support a large population.
The Southern Uplands: The southern part of Uttar Pradesh is characterized by the Vindhya Range and plateau region. This region is less fertile than the Gangetic plains and has a lower population density.
Rivers
Uttar Pradesh is blessed with a network of rivers, the most prominent being the Ganges. Other important rivers include the Yamuna, Ghaghara, Gomti, and Betwa. These rivers play a crucial role in the state's agriculture, transportation, and culture.
Climate
Uttar Pradesh experiences a humid subtropical climate. The summers are hot and dry, while the winters are cool and dry. The monsoon season brings rainfall from June to September. The climate varies slightly across the state due to differences in altitude and proximity to the Himalayas.
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