Civil Disobedience Movement - Uttar Pradesh PCS Exam Notes

Uttar Pradesh, a state with a rich history and a significant population, played a pivotal role in the Indian Civil Disobedience Movement. This nationwide campaign, led by Mahatma Gandhi, aimed to challenge British colonial rule through non-violent means. Uttar Pradesh, with its diverse regions and communities, witnessed widespread participation in the movement, particularly in the Salt March and through the active involvement of farmers and rural populations.
Participation in the Salt March
The Salt March, also known as the Dandi March, was a symbolic act of defiance against the British salt tax. Mahatma Gandhi led a

group of volunteers on a 24-day march from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi in Gujarat, where he publicly violated the salt laws by making salt from seawater. This event sparked a nationwide movement, and Uttar Pradesh was no exception.
Several districts in Uttar Pradesh witnessed significant participation in the Salt March and related protests. People from various backgrounds, including students, farmers, and urban dwellers, joined the movement. They organized marches, boycotted foreign goods, and picketed liquor shops. The movement gained momentum in cities like Lucknow, Kanpur, Allahabad, and Varanasi, where prominent leaders and activists mobilized public opinion.
Role of Farmers and Rural Communities
Farmers and rural communities formed the backbone of the Civil Disobedience Movement in Uttar Pradesh. They were deeply affected by the oppressive British land revenue policies and the economic hardships faced by the agricultural sector. The movement provided an opportunity for them to voice their grievances and demand social and economic justice.
Farmers actively participated in various aspects of the movement. They organized protests, boycotted British goods, and refused to pay taxes. In some regions, they

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even formed their own panchayats (village councils) to challenge the authority of the colonial administration.
The Salt March had a particular resonance with rural communities. Salt was an essential commodity for their daily lives, and the British salt tax was seen as a direct burden on their livelihoods. By participating in salt production and distribution, farmers demonstrated their solidarity with the national movement and their willingness to challenge the colonial monopoly.

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